Cognitive terminology is primarily based on information processing theory. Information processing theory likens the brain to a computer. Information is received via our senses, encoded, organized, and stored using working and long-term memory, which in turn prompts our response. Clinical terminology speaks more in terms of diagnosis and treatment of pathology based on empirical cognitive and behavioral research. In contrast to cognitive and clinical approaches, behavior-analytic terminology focuses on observable events and describes patterns unique to individuals and situations.